How the NWS Predicts Tornadoes and Severe Weather (and What to Watch)
A plain‑language guide to watches, warnings, and radar basics for homeowners.
Watches vs. Warnings
Know the difference so you can stage protection in time.
- Watch: Conditions are favorable. Stage covers, clear debris, confirm alerts.
- Warning: Hazard is occurring or imminent. Take shelter and secure openings now.
Tip: Enable Wireless Emergency Alerts and local NWS office notifications.
Radar Basics
Focus on products you can read at a glance.
- Reflectivity: Shows precipitation intensity. Heavier returns may mean hail or damaging rain.
- Velocity: Shows wind toward/away from radar. Tight couplets can indicate rotation.
- Composite/Storm tracks: Highlights storm cores and projected paths.
Note: Radar can overshoot low‑level features far from the site; confirm with warnings.
When Alerts Change
- Upgrade from Watch → Warning: Move vehicles to shelter if safe. Close/lock windows and doors.
- Severe thunderstorm warning: Protect glass with temporary panels or interior safety measures.
- Tornado warning: Shelter immediately in an interior room or basement. Avoid windows.
Turn Alerts Into Action
- Stage temporary covers and fasteners for largest windows and doors.
- Secure outdoor items. Clear drains and downspouts.
- Prepare towels, buckets, and plastic sheeting for quick water control.
- Document any damage with time‑stamped photos.
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